Braintree

Braintree, now part of PayPal Enterprise Payments, is a comprehensive payment processing platform that aligns perfectly with the description of Stripe. It offers robust payment processing capabilities, including credit and debit card acceptance, online payments, and support for various global and local payment methods. The platform provides extensive developer tools, APIs, and SDKs for seamless integration. It also features advanced fraud detection and prevention, recurring billing and subscription management, and detailed reporting and analytics dashboards. Furthermore, Braintree supports marketplace payments (similar to Stripe Connect) and in-person payments via its integration with PayPal Here (similar to Stripe Terminal). The presence of invoicing, multi-currency support, and webhooks further solidifies its alignment with the specified features.